WHAT IS CREATe?

CREATe is the Centre for Regulation of the Creative Economy, anchored in intellectual property, competition, information and technology law. Following a major infrastructure award from the AHRC in March 2024, our research agenda is currently structured around seven themes at the intersection of Creativity, Technology and Markets. They include (1) Dealing with Creators, (2) Legal History and Cultural Memory, (3) The Law of Innovation, (4) Automation, Decentralisation and Platforms, (5) Access to Knowledge, (6) The Political Economy of Digital Regulation, and (7) Digital Technologies and Humanism. Our seven research themes are illustrated in this poster exhibition.

The name CREATe is an acronym for Creativity, Regulation, Enterprise and Technology. We were established in 2012 as the result of a competition for a national centre for “copyright and new business models in the creative economy”. As the only UK research centre funded jointly by AHRC (Arts and Humanities Research Council), EPSRC (Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council) and ESRC (Economic and Social Research Council), we conceived and delivered an interdisciplinary research programme at the intersection of law, technology, social sciences and humanities.

In 2017, we received follow-on funding from the AHRC. In 2018 and 2020, we won two large grants as part of the AHRC Creative Industries Policy & Evidence Centre (PEC) and the H2020 project “reCreating Europe: Rethinking digital copyright law for a culturally diverse, accessible, creative Europe”. We are now a University of Glasgow research centre hosted by the School of Law  (a global top 50 law school). We provide resources and new research of national and international significance as part of the University’s Advanced Research Centre (ARC).

Challenge-led research is supported by resource pages and tagged with disciplinary icons. This approach allows new priorities to emerge organically.

Our work is guided by three principles.

Openness

In a contested policy environment with limited evidence, synthesizing knowledge from different fields requires an open approach. CREATe has demonstrated that it is possible to involve users in research design at all stages, and in the development of dynamic, open access resources. Our resources receive 100,000s of visitors per year from over 160 countries.

Interdisciplinarity

The norms governing the information space are not a legal problem. Research questions and policy issues cannot be solved from one disciplinary perspective. CREATe projects typically involve collaboration. We take empirical, historical, computational, cultural, sociological or economic approaches seriously. Within law, we are anchored in the subject areas of intellectual property, information and competition law.

Agility with a long view

CREATe has the ambition to contribute to the big questions of our time. In a fast moving technological environment, sustained intervention needs to take the long view. We try to be responsive but not fast. Our policy contributions include EU and UK copyright policy, platform regulation and the wider questions of innovation, creative economy and the digital public sphere.

The Copyright Evidence Portal gives access to the world’s current knowledge about copyright law and its effects – as a data-minable Wiki catalogue and through visualizations.

CopyrightUser.org is an independent online resource intended to make UK copyright law accessible to everyone through authoritative and accessible guidance.

A digital archive of primary sources on copyright from the invention of the printing press (c. 1450) to the Berne Convention (1886) and beyond, co-produced with CIPIL / University of Cambridge.

INSTITUTIONAL HISTORY

CREATe as the “RCUK Centre for copyright and new business models in the creative economy” (2012-2018) investigated the future of creative production in the digital age, and in particular the role of copyright. The initial consortium included seven UK universities (Glasgow, East Anglia, Edinburgh, Goldsmiths University of London, Nottingham, St Andrews, and Strathclyde), and brought together an interdisciplinary team of academics from law, economics, management, computer science, sociology, psychology, ethnography and critical studies. In its national role, CREATe funded projects across the UK (including at Bath Spa, Bournemouth, Cambridge, City, Oxford, Kent, Leeds, Queen Mary University of London, Queen’s University Belfast) and worked with over 80 industry, public sector and civil society partners.

For entry points to the initial research programme, please explore –

  • Blog Book Series, a collection of 55 posts reflecting on the Impact of CREATe-funded research projects.
  • CREATe Festival (2016) at the Royal Society for Arts, Manufactures and Commerce (RSA) in London, exhibiting key findings from the first phase of CREATe.

PRESS RELEASES

21 April 2026

CREATe: Law for a Creative Future – Interim Report to AHRC

11 March 2024

CREATe Celebrates AHRC Research Infrastructure Award

28 January 2020

Copyright law, cultural diversity and the Digital Single Market

27 November 2018

CREATe to lead Intellectual Property research in new UK Creative Industries Policy and Evidence Centre

8 November 2016

CREATe: a research centre at the intersection of law, technology and social science

10 March 2014

Creative Industries in a Knowledge Society

Martin Kretschmer Headshot

Martin Kretschmer

Professor of Intellectual Property Law

Magali Eben

Magali Eben

Professor of Competition Law

CREATe Deputy Director | Law of Innovation Lead

Kris Headshot 616x722

Kris Erickson

Professor of Social Data Science

CREATe Deputy Director | Access to Knowledge Lead

Philip Schlesinger headshot

Philip Schlesinger

Professor in Cultural Theory (CCPR)

Professorial Fellow (CREATe Deputy Director 2012-2024) | Political Economy of Digital Regulation Lead

Luis Porangaba Headshot

Luis Porangaba

Senior Lecturer in Intellectual Property Law

Co-Director, CREATe & LLM IP Director | Law of Innovation Lead

Timothy Barker Headshot

Timothy Barker

Professor of Media Technology and Aesthetics

Digital Technologies & Humanism Lead

Kenny Barr Headshot

Kenny Barr

Postdoctoral Researcher | AHRC Creative Industries Policy & Evidence Centre (PEC)

Sheona Burrow Headshot

Sheona Burrow

Postdoctoral Research Fellow (Part time)

Gabriele Cifrodelli Headshot

Gabriele Cifrodelli

Research and Teaching Assistant

CREATe blog editor

Elena Cooper Headshot

Elena Cooper

Senior Research Fellow

Leverhulme ECF Fellow | Legal History and Cultural Memory Lead

Maria Economou Headshot

Maria Economou

Professor of Digital Cultural Heritage

Digital Technologies & Humanism Lead

Arthur Ehlinger Headshot

Arthur Ehlinger

Knowledge Exchange Officer and Researcher

Matteo Frigeri Headshot

Matteo Frigeri

Researcher

Ula Furgal Headshot

Ula Furgal

Senior Lecturer in Intellectual Property and Information Law

Managing Editor, CREATe Working Paper series | Dealing with Creators Lead

Marta Iljadica Headshot

Marta Iljadica

Senior Lecturer in Intellectual Property Law

Public Domain Lead (Co-Director 2019-2022)

Aline Iramina Headshot

Aline Iramina

Lecturer in Law

CREATe blog editor

Liana Japaridze Headshot

Liana Japaridze

Lecturer in Competition Law

Competition Lead

Zihao Li Headshot

Zihao Li

Senior Lecturer in Technology Law

Automation, Decentralisation & Platforms Lead

Thomas Margoni Headshot

Thomas Margoni

Research Professor of Intellectual Property Law, KU Leuven

Visiting Professor and CREATe Fellow

Bartolomeo Meletti Headshot

Bartolomeo Meletti

Senior Lecturer in Law

Head of Knowledge Exchange

Marta Pec Headshot

Marta Pec

CREATe Administrator

FelixRodriguezPerez headshot

Felix Rodriguez Perez

Data Developer

Dave Reader Headshot

David Reader

Senior Lecturer in Competition Law

Konstantinos Stylianou Headshot

Konstantinos Stylianou

Professor of Competition Law and Regulation

Automation, Decentralisation & Platforms Lead

Amy Thomas Headshot

Amy Thomas

Senior Lecturer in Intellectual Property and Information Law

Managing Editor, Evidence Portal | Dealing with Creators Lead

Calum Thomson

CREATe Centre Manager

CREATe Fellows are honorary positions specifically designed to increase interdisciplinary capacity. Fellows play a full part in the Centre's life, and may spend periods in Glasgow. View Industry Fellows (2012-18).

CREATe Honorary Professor 2025 - 2027
School of Law

Newcastle University logo

CREATe Honorary Professor 2025 - 2027
College of Law

CREATe Honorary Professor 2025 - 2027
School of Law

University Of East Anglia logo

Centre for Intellectual Property Policy and Management (CIPPM)

Melbourne Law School

School of Law

School of Business and Management

Lecturer in Commercial Law

HEC Lausanne (Faculty of Business and Economics)

Institute for Information Law

Consultant at Five Rivers Consulting

Theatre, Film and Television Studies

Centre for Intellectual Property Policy and Management (CIPPM)

Lecturer in Law

Assistant Professorial Lecturer

Thesis title

Fairness in Copyright Law

Supervisors

Professor Martin Kretschmer, Dr Marta Iljadica

Thesis title

‘“Translator, traitor, copyright violator”: Unauthorised translation as a copyright infringement in theory and practice’

Supervisors

Dr Marta Iljadica, Dr Elena Cooper

Thesis title

Market Dominance of Online Platforms in the Digital Economy

Supervisors

Professor Mark Furse, Dr Magali Eben, Dr Florence Thepot

Thesis title

An Empirical Review on the Legal Basis of ‘Legitimate Interest’ in the EU Data Protection Law: How to Reach an Interest Balance between Controllers and Data Subjects in the Context of Digital Marketing?

Supervisors

Professor Martin Kretschmer, Dr Amy Thomas

Thesis title

Public Private Partnerships in Cyber Capacity Building

Supervisors

Professor Martin Kretschmer, Dr Ula Furgał, Professor Andrew Hoskins

Thesis title

Driving necessary innovation or “Generally Inconvenient”: Do patents help or hinder meeting the challenges of modern global crises? What proposals, if any, might we make for change in the United Kingdom and in an international context

Supervisors

Dr Luis Porangaba, Professor Martin Kretschmer

Thesis title

‘Navigating Freedom of Expression in the Age of Digital Regulation, The Effect of the UK Online Safety Act on Freedom of Expression’

Supervisors

Professor Gillian Doyle, Professor Kris Erickson

Thesis title

‘Beyond Repair: How Private Ordering Can Limit Innovation and User Creativity’

Supervisors

Professor Martin Kretschmer, Professor Kris Erickson, Dr Ula Furgał

Thesis title

'AI upscaling of films and the right of integrity: securing director autonomy?'

Supervisors

Professor Kris Erickson, Dr Amy Thomas

Ruiyu Xu (PhD)

Thesis title

'Between Code and Conduct: Multi-Layered Governance of Game Cloning'

Supervisors

Professor Kris Erickson, Dr Amy Thomas

Thesis title

'Fandom and Fan Games in the Video Game Industry: The Diversification of Players’ Identities and Its Implications for Copyright Law'

Supervisors

Professor Kris Erickson, Dr Amy Thomas

Linyi Xu (PhD)

Thesis title

'Allocating Liability for Misconduct in Generative Artificial Intelligence in China in Light of European Union Law'

Supervisors

Professor Kris Erickson, Professor Konstantinos Stylianou, Dr Aline Iramina

Gabriele Cifrodelli - 🎓 2026

Thesis

Can an Artificial Intelligence (AI) be considered an inventor? Prospects and implications for this new or hypothetical inventorship under the current patent system.

Supervisors

Dr Luis Porangaba, Professor Martin Kretschmer

Dr Seher Kurt - 🎓 2026

Thesis

Digital authoritarian forms of big data governance

Supervisors

Professor Bridgette Wessels, Professor Martin Kretschmer, Professor Andrew Hoskins

Dr Andreas Giorgallis - 🎓 2026

Thesis

Restitution of Colonial Cultural Objects: Questioning Colonial Amnesia?

Supervisors

Dr Marta Iljadica, Dr Christa Roodt

Dr Aline Iramina - 🎓 2025

Thesis

Copyright governance of algorithms: Towards a more transparent regime

Supervisors

Professor Martin Kretschmer, Dr Elena Cooper

Dr Yingying Zhu  - 🎓 2025

Thesis

Addressing Underenforcement in Chinese Merger Review: Challenges and Solutions in Constructing Data-Related Theories of Harm

Supervisors:

Professor Mark Furse, Dr Magali Eben

Dr Zihao Ll  - 🎓 2024

Thesis

Online algorithmic pricing in the EU and China: a techno-legal analysis

Supervisors:

Professor Martin Kretschmer, Dr Luis Porangaba, Professor Thomas Margoni

Dr Methinee Suwannakit - 🎓 2023
Dr Amy Thomas – 🎓 2022

Thesis

The copyright user: a socio-legal enquiry

Supervisory team

Professor Martin Kretschmer, Dr Marta Iljadica and Chris Watson

Dr Jiarong Zhang  – 🎓 2022

Thesis

'Hierarchy of protection' and 'hierarchy of culture': the effects of copyright law on traditional music

Supervisory team

Professor Martin Kretschmer and Professor Thomas Margoni

Dr Janet Burgess – 🎓 2021

Thesis

Amateur musicians’ awareness, perceptions and application of copyright law: where (and why) social and commercial priorities diverge

Supervisory team

Professor Martin Kretschmer, Dr. Elena Cooper, Dr. Kris Erickson

Dr Jaakko Miettinen – 🎓 2019

Thesis

Creative output in a market context

Supervisory team

Professor Sayantan Ghosal, Professor Martin Kretschmer, Dr. Theodore Koutmeridis

Dr Victoria Stobo – 🎓 2019
Dr Megan Rae Blakely - 🎓 2018

Thesis

Intellectual property and intangible cultural heritage in Celtic-derived countries

Supervisory team

Professor Martin Kretschmer and Dr. Kristofer Erickson

Dr Sheona Burrow – 🎓 2018

Thesis

Access to justice in the small claims track of the Intellectual Property Enterprise Court (IPEC): an empirical enquiry into use by creative SMEs

Supervisory team

Professor Martin Kretschmer, Dr. Kristofer Erickson, Professor Ronan Deazley

Dr Andrea Wallace – 🎓 2018

Thesis

Surrogate IP rights in the cultural sector

Supervisor

Professor Martin Kretschmer

Dr Kenny Barr - 🎓 2016
Dr Pauline McBride – 🎓 2016

Thesis

Beyond copyright: the annexation of looking by contract

Supervisory team

Professor Ronan Deazley and Professor Adam Tomkins 

Ronan Deazley | Founding director of CREATe (2012)

Diane McGrattan | CREATe Administrator (2012-2024), CREATe Affiliate

Lilian Edwards | CREATe Deputy Director (2012-2018)

Andrew McHugh | Centre Manager (2012-2016)

Joy Davidson | CREATe Centre Manager (2016-2018)

Jesus Rodriguez Perez - CREATe Data Specialist until 2017 | Lecturer in Data Science at the University of Glasgow

Theo Koutmeridis - Senior Lecturer in Economics (Adam Smith Business School) | CREATe research fellow in economics and lead editor of the Copyright Evidence Wiki (2015-2017)

Kerry Patterson | Edwin Morgan Project Officer 2014-2017, CREATe Community Manager 2017-2021

Peter Bennett | CREATe Digital Resources Officer (2016-2022)

Ian Anderson | Senior Lecturer (Information Studies)

Ally Farnhill | Graduate Teaching Assistant (& PhD candidate) / CopyrightX: Glasgow Assistant Teaching Fellow

Florence Thépot | Lecturer in Competition and EU Law (2015-2022)

Rosie Wilson | LLM (Research) student – 🎓 October 2021

Stavros Makris | Lecturer in Competition Law (2022-2024)

Stefan Luca | Postdoctoral Researcher in Platform Regulation (2022-2025)

Aleks Sobieraj | CREATe Centre Manager (2023-2026)